BACKGROUND HIV treatment programs in Africa typically approach all enrolling patients uniformly. Growing numbers of patients are antiretroviral experienced. Defining patients on the basis of antiretroviral experience may inform enrollment practices, particularly if medical outcomes differ. METHODS Baseline and follow-up measures (CD4, weight change, and survival) were compared in a retrospect...

International guidelines recommend the use of integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INI)-based regimens as first-line antiretroviral (ARV) in both naive and experienced HIV-infected patients. We ana...

The greenness and sustainability of three different routes for the synthesis an advanced intermediate a group HIV protease inhibitors used in antiretroviral (ARV) therapy are compared.

BACKGROUND Pediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been shown to substantially reduce morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected infants and children. To accurately project program costs, analysts need accurate estimations of antiretroviral drug (ARV) costs for children. However, the costing of pediatric antiretroviral therapy is complicated by weight-based dosing recommendations which change a...

Background: Antiretroviral (ARV)-induced toxidermia is increasingly reported. They most often complicate ARV therapy and can compromise the therapeutic future of patients living with HIV. The aim this study was to determine frequency ARV-induced toxidermia, identify ARVs responsible, describe clinical forms encountered evolutionary modalities patients. Material methods: This a cross-sectional f...

in a recent article, gorik ooms has drawn attention to the normative underpinnings of the politics of global health. we claim that ooms is indirectly submitting to a liberal conception of politics by framing the politics of global health as a question of individual morality. drawing on the theoretical works of chantal mouffe, we introduce a conflictual concept of the political as an alternative...

Kepatuhan merupakan gambaran perilaku pasien dalam konsumsi obat yang benar pada dosis, waktu dan frekuensinya. tinggi sangat diperlukan untuk terapi Antiretroviral (ARV) penderita HIV/AIDS. Ketidakpatuhan pengobatan ARV menyebabkan meningkatnya progresivitas penyakit, transmisi HIV resistensi ARV. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan tentang Tujuan penelitian menganalisis hubungan dengan kepat...

Adherence to antiretroviral medication in the treatment of HIV is critical, both to maximize efficacy and to minimize the emergence of drug resistance. The aim of this prospective study in three public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is to assess the use of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) by HIV patients and its effect on antiretroviral (ARV) adherence 6 mont...

Purpose of the study The Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) is an international collaborative operation which utilizes a prospective exposure-registration design to study antiretroviral (ARV) drug exposures during pregnancy. This study assessed the potential for human teratogenic risk of atazanavir (ATV), a protease inhibitor used to treat HIV infection in combination with other ARV agents...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate genotyping and subtyping in antiretroviral (ARV) naïve and experienced children, as well as drug resistance profiles through genotyping in these children. METHODS This retrospective study assessed ARV-naïve HIV children and HIV children failing highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) followed up at Santa Casa de São Paulo. Genotyping was performed using purified p...